What were the major decolonization movements in Europe and the Middle East?

What were the major decolonization movements in Europe and the Middle East?

The major decolonization movements in Europe and the Middle East were:

1. Indian Independence Movement: Led by Mahatma Gandhi, this movement aimed at liberating India from British colonial rule and resulted in the partition of India and the creation of India and Pakistan in 1947.

2. Algerian War of Independence: Algeria fought against French colonial rule from 1954 to 1962, resulting in the country's independence.

3. Egyptian Revolution: The Egyptian Revolution of 1952 led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic, marking the end of British influence in Egypt.

4. Iranian Revolution: The Iranian Revolution of 1979 resulted in the overthrow of the Shah and the establishment of an Islamic republic, ending Western influence in Iran.

5. African Nationalist Movements: Various African countries, such as Kenya, Ghana, and Nigeria, experienced nationalist movements that aimed at ending colonial rule and achieving independence.

6. Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO): The PLO was formed in 1964 to advocate for the rights of Palestinians and the establishment of a Palestinian state, challenging Israeli occupation in the Middle East.

These movements played a significant role in dismantling colonial empires and shaping the political landscape of Europe and the Middle East.