Colonialism And Decolonization Questions
The major independence movements in Africa were:
1. Algerian War of Independence (1954-1962): Algeria fought against French colonial rule, leading to its independence in 1962.
2. Ghanaian Independence Movement (1947-1957): Led by Kwame Nkrumah, Ghana became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain independence from British colonial rule in 1957.
3. Kenyan Independence Movement (1952-1963): The Mau Mau uprising in Kenya aimed to end British colonial rule, resulting in Kenya's independence in 1963.
4. Zimbabwean Independence Movement (1964-1980): The Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) fought against white minority rule, leading to Zimbabwe's independence in 1980.
5. South African Anti-Apartheid Movement (1948-1994): The African National Congress (ANC) and other organizations fought against the apartheid regime, resulting in the end of apartheid and the election of Nelson Mandela as the first black president in 1994.
6. Nigerian Independence Movement (1945-1960): Nigeria gained independence from British colonial rule in 1960 through a peaceful transition.
These are just a few examples of the major independence movements in Africa, as many other countries also fought for and achieved independence during the decolonization period.