Biomes And Ecosystems Questions
Plants and animals in the alpine biome have several adaptations to survive in the harsh conditions of high altitudes.
Plants in the alpine biome often have small, compact growth forms to minimize exposure to cold temperatures and strong winds. They also have thick, waxy leaves or needle-like leaves to reduce water loss through transpiration. Many alpine plants have a short growing season and are able to flower and reproduce quickly before the winter sets in. Some plants have also developed the ability to store nutrients and energy in underground structures, such as bulbs or rhizomes, to survive the long, cold winters.
Animals in the alpine biome have adaptations to cope with low oxygen levels, extreme cold, and limited food availability. Many alpine animals have thick fur or feathers to provide insulation and retain body heat. Some animals, like the mountain goat, have specialized hooves that provide traction on steep slopes. Others, like the pika, have large internal cheek pouches to store food for the winter. Alpine animals also often have a larger lung capacity and more efficient oxygen-carrying capacity in their blood to compensate for the thin air at high altitudes.