Ancient Civilizations And Their Locations Questions Long
Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were two prominent cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, which thrived around 2600 to 1900 BCE in what is now modern-day Pakistan and northwest India. These cities were known for their advanced urban planning and well-developed infrastructure, which showcased the sophistication and organization of the ancient civilization.
Urban planning in Harappa and Mohenjo-daro was characterized by a grid-like layout, with streets and buildings arranged in a systematic manner. The cities were divided into different sectors, each containing multiple blocks and buildings. The streets were laid out in a grid pattern, intersecting at right angles, which facilitated easy navigation and efficient movement of people and goods.
One of the remarkable features of these cities was their advanced drainage system. The streets were equipped with well-constructed and interconnected underground drains, which were covered with bricks and had manholes at regular intervals. This sophisticated drainage system ensured the efficient disposal of wastewater and prevented flooding during monsoon seasons.
The houses in Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were built using standardized bricks, which were uniform in size and shape. The houses were typically two or three stories high, made of baked bricks, and had flat roofs. The buildings were constructed around a central courtyard, with rooms arranged around it. The houses had private wells or access to public wells for a reliable water supply.
Public buildings and structures were also an integral part of the urban planning in these cities. Large public baths, known as "Great Baths," were constructed in both Harappa and Mohenjo-daro. These baths were well-designed and featured a series of rooms, including changing rooms and pools for bathing. The Great Bath in Mohenjo-daro, in particular, was an impressive structure, measuring approximately 39 feet long, 23 feet wide, and 8 feet deep.
Furthermore, both cities had well-organized marketplaces, known as "granaries," where trade and commerce flourished. These marketplaces were centrally located and had multiple stalls and shops, indicating a thriving economy. The presence of granaries suggests that the cities had a well-developed system for storing and distributing food and other commodities.
In terms of infrastructure, Harappa and Mohenjo-daro had a sophisticated water supply system. The cities were situated near rivers, and canals were constructed to divert water for irrigation purposes. The canals were connected to wells and reservoirs, ensuring a reliable water supply for agriculture and daily use.
Overall, the urban planning and infrastructure of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were highly advanced for their time. The grid-like layout, well-constructed drainage system, standardized housing, public buildings, and organized marketplaces showcased the meticulous planning and engineering skills of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization. These cities serve as a testament to the remarkable achievements and advancements of ancient civilizations in the field of urban planning and infrastructure.