What is a complex sentence? Provide examples.

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What is a complex sentence? Provide examples.

A complex sentence is a type of sentence that consists of an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. An independent clause is a complete sentence that can stand alone, while a dependent clause relies on the independent clause to form a complete thought. The dependent clause usually functions as an adverbial, adjectival, or nominal clause, providing additional information or modifying the independent clause.

Here are some examples of complex sentences:

1. Although it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.
- In this example, "Although it was raining" is the dependent clause, and "they decided to go for a walk" is the independent clause. The dependent clause provides additional information about the circumstances, while the independent clause expresses the main idea.

2. I will go to the party if I finish my work on time.
- In this example, "if I finish my work on time" is the dependent clause, and "I will go to the party" is the independent clause. The dependent clause acts as a condition, indicating that the speaker will attend the party only if they complete their work on time.

3. She studied hard because she wanted to pass the exam.
- In this example, "because she wanted to pass the exam" is the dependent clause, and "She studied hard" is the independent clause. The dependent clause explains the reason behind the action expressed in the independent clause.

4. The dog barked loudly whenever the mailman arrived.
- In this example, "whenever the mailman arrived" is the dependent clause, and "The dog barked loudly" is the independent clause. The dependent clause indicates that the dog's barking occurs every time the mailman arrives.

Complex sentences allow for more complex and nuanced expressions by combining different types of clauses. They help to provide additional information, express relationships between ideas, and add depth to the overall meaning of a sentence.