Explain the concept of subject-verb inversion and provide examples.

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Explain the concept of subject-verb inversion and provide examples.

Subject-verb inversion is a grammatical structure in which the usual order of a sentence, where the subject comes before the verb, is reversed. This inversion occurs when certain adverbial phrases or clauses are placed at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis or to create a specific effect.

One common example of subject-verb inversion is when a sentence begins with a negative adverb or adverbial phrase, such as "never," "rarely," "seldom," "not only," or "under no circumstances." In these cases, the subject and verb are inverted to create a more dramatic or emphatic tone. For instance:

- Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.
- Rarely does he complain about anything.
- Seldom do we encounter such kindness.
- Not only did she win the race, but she also broke the record.
- Under no circumstances will I tolerate such behavior.

Another instance of subject-verb inversion occurs when a sentence begins with a prepositional phrase or a dependent clause. This inversion is often used to create a more formal or poetic style. Here are some examples:

- In the middle of the room stood a grand piano.
- On top of the hill lies a quaint little cottage.
- After the rain stopped, birds started singing again.
- When the sun sets, the stars come out.

Subject-verb inversion can also be used in questions, where the subject and verb are inverted to form an interrogative sentence. For example:

- Are you going to the party?
- Can she play the guitar?
- Did they finish their homework?

In summary, subject-verb inversion is a grammatical structure that involves reversing the usual order of a sentence by placing the verb before the subject. It is commonly used with negative adverbs, prepositional phrases, dependent clauses, and in interrogative sentences to create emphasis, formality, or to ask questions.