Explain the concept of tag questions in applied linguistics.

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Explain the concept of tag questions in applied linguistics.

Tag questions are a grammatical structure used in applied linguistics to seek confirmation or clarification from the listener. They consist of a statement followed by a short question tag, which is usually formed by inverting the auxiliary verb and subject of the statement. The tag question is used to check if the listener agrees or disagrees with the statement. For example, in the statement "You like coffee, don't you?", the tag question "don't you?" seeks confirmation from the listener. Tag questions can also be used to express politeness, uncertainty, or to encourage conversation.