Punctuation Questions Long
A comma should be used after an introductory phrase or clause to indicate a pause in the sentence and to separate the introductory element from the main part of the sentence. This helps to clarify the meaning and improve the overall readability of the sentence.
There are several instances when a comma should be used after an introductory phrase or clause:
1. Introductory adverbs: When an adverbial phrase or clause is used at the beginning of a sentence, a comma should be placed after it. For example, "However, I still managed to finish the project on time."
2. Introductory prepositional phrases: When a prepositional phrase is used at the beginning of a sentence, a comma should be placed after it. For example, "In the morning, I like to go for a run."
3. Introductory participial phrases: When a participial phrase (a phrase that begins with a verb form ending in -ing or -ed) is used at the beginning of a sentence, a comma should be placed after it. For example, "Running late, she quickly grabbed her bag and rushed out the door."
4. Introductory dependent clauses: When a dependent clause (a clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence) is used at the beginning of a sentence, a comma should be placed after it. For example, "Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk."
5. Introductory transitional expressions: When a transitional expression (such as "however," "therefore," "in addition," etc.) is used at the beginning of a sentence, a comma should be placed after it. For example, "Therefore, we need to find a solution to this problem."
It is important to note that if the introductory phrase or clause is very short (usually three words or less), a comma may not be necessary. However, if there is any potential for confusion or if the sentence flows better with a pause, it is still acceptable to use a comma.
Overall, using a comma after an introductory phrase or clause helps to provide clarity, improve sentence structure, and enhance the overall flow of the writing.