Explain the functions of adjective clauses as phrases.

Adjective clauses, also known as relative clauses, function as phrases in sentences to provide additional information about a noun or pronoun. They act as modifiers and can be essential or non-essential to the sentence.

The functions of adjective clauses as phrases include:

1. Modifying nouns: Adjective clauses provide specific details or descriptions about a noun or pronoun. They answer questions such as "which one?" or "what kind?" For example, in the sentence "The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting," the adjective clause "that I borrowed from the library" modifies the noun "book" by specifying which book is being referred to.

2. Adding information: Adjective clauses add extra information to a sentence, making it more descriptive and informative. They can provide details about the subject, object, or any other noun in the sentence. For example, in the sentence "The girl who won the competition is my sister," the adjective clause "who won the competition" adds information about the girl, specifying that she is the one who won the competition.

3. Creating complex sentences: Adjective clauses help in constructing complex sentences by combining two related ideas. They connect the main clause with the subordinate clause, which functions as the adjective clause. This adds variety and complexity to sentence structures. For example, in the sentence "The car, which was parked outside, belongs to my neighbor," the adjective clause "which was parked outside" connects the main clause "The car belongs to my neighbor" and provides additional information about the car.

4. Indicating possession: Adjective clauses can also indicate possession or ownership. They provide information about who owns or possesses something. For example, in the sentence "The house whose roof is red is for sale," the adjective clause "whose roof is red" indicates that the house belongs to the person with the red roof.

Overall, adjective clauses function as phrases by modifying nouns, adding information, creating complex sentences, and indicating possession. They enhance the meaning and clarity of sentences by providing additional details and descriptions.