What are the different types of phonological processes in second language acquisition?

What are the different types of phonological processes in second language acquisition?

There are several different types of phonological processes that occur in second language acquisition. Some of the most common ones include:

1. Substitution: This is when a learner replaces one sound with another. For example, a learner might substitute the /θ/ sound in "think" with a /s/ sound, saying "sink" instead.

2. Deletion: This is when a learner omits a sound or sounds in a word. For example, a learner might delete the final /s/ sound in "cats," saying "cat" instead.

3. Addition: This is when a learner adds an extra sound or sounds to a word. For example, a learner might add an extra vowel sound in "stop," saying "estop" instead.

4. Assimilation: This is when a sound becomes more similar to a neighboring sound. For example, a learner might assimilate the /n/ sound in "in" to the /m/ sound in "my," saying "im" instead of "in."

5. Metathesis: This is when sounds or syllables are rearranged in a word. For example, a learner might switch the order of the /r/ and /l/ sounds in "girl," saying "gril" instead.

These phonological processes are a natural part of second language acquisition as learners attempt to produce sounds that are unfamiliar to them.