What is a run-on sentence and how can it be corrected?

A run-on sentence is a grammatical error that occurs when two or more independent clauses are joined together without proper punctuation or conjunctions. It is also known as a fused sentence. Run-on sentences can make the meaning of a sentence unclear and can disrupt the flow of writing.

There are several ways to correct a run-on sentence:

1. Use a period: Separate the independent clauses into two separate sentences. This helps to clarify the meaning and structure of each clause. For example:
- Incorrect: I went to the store I bought some groceries.
- Correct: I went to the store. I bought some groceries.

2. Use a semicolon: If the independent clauses are closely related in meaning, a semicolon can be used to join them together. This indicates a stronger connection between the clauses compared to using a period. For example:
- Incorrect: She loves to read books she spends hours at the library.
- Correct: She loves to read books; she spends hours at the library.

3. Use a coordinating conjunction: Coordinating conjunctions such as "and," "but," "or," "so," "for," "nor," and "yet" can be used to join independent clauses. This helps to show the relationship between the ideas expressed in each clause. For example:
- Incorrect: He is studying for his exams he is also working part-time.
- Correct: He is studying for his exams, and he is also working part-time.

4. Use a subordinating conjunction: If one of the clauses is dependent on the other, a subordinating conjunction can be used to join them. This shows that one clause is subordinate or less important than the other. For example:
- Incorrect: She missed the bus she had to walk to school.
- Correct: Since she missed the bus, she had to walk to school.

5. Use a coordinating conjunction with a comma: When joining two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction, a comma should be placed before the conjunction. This helps to separate the clauses and improve clarity. For example:
- Incorrect: I enjoy playing tennis and I also like swimming.
- Correct: I enjoy playing tennis, and I also like swimming.

It is important to identify and correct run-on sentences to ensure clear and effective communication in writing. By using appropriate punctuation and conjunctions, the structure and meaning of sentences can be improved.