How do you use commas correctly in grammar syntax?

Using commas correctly in grammar syntax is essential for clear and effective communication. Here are some guidelines for using commas correctly:

1. Separating items in a list: Commas are used to separate three or more items in a list. For example, "I bought apples, oranges, and bananas."

2. Separating independent clauses: When two independent clauses are joined by a coordinating conjunction (such as "and," "but," "or," etc.), a comma is used before the conjunction. For example, "She studied hard for the exam, but she still didn't pass."

3. Setting off introductory elements: Commas are used to separate introductory words, phrases, or clauses from the main part of the sentence. For example, "However, I still managed to finish the project on time."

4. Setting off nonessential information: Commas are used to separate nonessential information or phrases that can be removed from the sentence without changing its meaning. For example, "My sister, who lives in London, is coming to visit."

5. Separating coordinate adjectives: When two or more adjectives equally modify a noun, a comma is used between them. For example, "He is a tall, handsome man."

6. Separating direct quotations: Commas are used to separate the quoted words from the rest of the sentence. For example, "She said, 'I will be there on time.'"

7. Separating contrasting elements: Commas are used to separate contrasting elements or ideas within a sentence. For example, "The weather was sunny, not rainy."

It is important to note that these are general guidelines, and there may be exceptions or additional rules depending on the specific context or style guide being followed.