What is the purpose of satire in literature? Provide examples of satirical works.

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What is the purpose of satire in literature? Provide examples of satirical works.

The purpose of satire in literature is to use humor, irony, or ridicule to criticize and expose the flaws, vices, or follies of individuals, institutions, or society as a whole. Satire serves as a powerful tool to provoke thought, challenge societal norms, and bring about social change by highlighting the absurdities and contradictions present in human behavior and societal structures.

One example of a satirical work is Jonathan Swift's "Gulliver's Travels." In this novel, Swift uses the character of Lemuel Gulliver to satirize various aspects of society, including politics, science, and human nature. Through Gulliver's encounters with different societies, such as the Lilliputians and the Houyhnhnms, Swift exposes the flaws and follies of his contemporary society, criticizing the corruption, greed, and irrationality prevalent in politics and human behavior.

Another notable example is George Orwell's "Animal Farm." This allegorical novella satirizes the events leading up to the Russian Revolution and the subsequent Stalinist era in the Soviet Union. Orwell uses a group of farm animals who overthrow their human farmer to represent the revolution and the rise of totalitarianism. Through the satirical portrayal of the animals' struggle for equality and their eventual corruption and oppression, Orwell criticizes the betrayal of revolutionary ideals and the abuse of power.

Furthermore, Voltaire's "Candide" is a satirical work that mocks the philosophical optimism prevalent during the Enlightenment period. Through the misadventures of the protagonist, Candide, Voltaire exposes the hypocrisy, irrationality, and cruelty of society, religion, and human nature. The novel satirizes various institutions and beliefs, including religion, war, and the idea that this is the "best of all possible worlds."

These examples demonstrate how satire in literature serves to critique and challenge societal norms, exposing the flaws and contradictions that exist within human behavior and institutions. By using humor and irony, satirical works engage readers in a critical examination of their own beliefs and the world around them, encouraging them to question and reflect upon the status quo.