Explain the concept of subject-verb agreement with compound subjects in English grammar. Provide examples.

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Explain the concept of subject-verb agreement with compound subjects in English grammar. Provide examples.

Subject-verb agreement is a fundamental rule in English grammar that states that the subject of a sentence must agree with the verb in terms of number. When dealing with compound subjects, which are subjects that consist of two or more nouns or pronouns joined by a coordinating conjunction (such as "and," "or," or "nor"), the verb must also agree with the compound subject in number.

In simple terms, if the compound subject is plural, the verb must be plural, and if the compound subject is singular, the verb must be singular. Let's look at some examples to better understand this concept:

1. Compound subject with "and":
- The dog and the cat are playing in the garden.
In this example, the compound subject "the dog and the cat" is plural, so the verb "are" is also plural.

- Sarah and her brother are going to the movies.
Here, the compound subject "Sarah and her brother" is plural, so the verb "are" is used.

2. Compound subject with "or" or "nor":
- Either the cat or the dog is responsible for the mess.
In this sentence, the compound subject "the cat or the dog" is singular, so the verb "is" is singular.

- Neither the students nor the teacher wants to go on the field trip.
Here, the compound subject "the students nor the teacher" is plural, so the verb "want" is plural.

3. Compound subject with "either...or" or "neither...nor":
- Either the cat or the dog is going to win the competition.
In this example, the compound subject "the cat or the dog" is singular, so the verb "is" is singular.

- Neither the book nor the pen belongs to me.
Here, the compound subject "the book nor the pen" is singular, so the verb "belongs" is singular.

It is important to note that when the compound subjects are joined by "and," they are usually considered plural, while when they are joined by "or" or "nor," they are usually considered singular. However, there are exceptions to this rule, such as when the compound subjects are referring to the same person or thing, in which case they are considered singular.

In conclusion, subject-verb agreement with compound subjects requires the verb to agree in number with the compound subject. By understanding this concept and applying it correctly, one can ensure grammatical accuracy in their writing and speaking.