What are the rules for changing reported achievements in indirect speech?

The rules for changing reported achievements in indirect speech are as follows:

1. Change the tense: When reporting an achievement, the tense of the verb is usually changed to the past tense. For example, if the direct speech is "I have won the competition," the indirect speech would be "He said that he had won the competition."

2. Change the pronouns: The pronouns used in the reported speech are usually changed to reflect the perspective of the speaker. For example, if the direct speech is "She has completed the project," the indirect speech would be "He said that she had completed the project."

3. Change time and place references: If there are any time or place references in the direct speech, they may need to be adjusted in the indirect speech to reflect the perspective of the speaker. For example, if the direct speech is "We will meet tomorrow," the indirect speech would be "They said that they would meet the next day."

4. Change adverbs and adjectives: Adverbs and adjectives used in the direct speech may need to be adjusted in the indirect speech to reflect the perspective of the speaker. For example, if the direct speech is "It was an amazing performance," the indirect speech would be "He said that it had been an amazing performance."

5. Maintain the meaning: While changing the reported speech, it is important to maintain the meaning and intention of the original statement. The reported speech should accurately convey the message of the speaker.

It is important to note that these rules may vary depending on the context and the specific situation.