Explain the concept of reported compliments and criticisms.

Reported compliments and criticisms refer to the act of reporting or conveying someone else's positive or negative remarks or opinions about someone or something. In direct speech, we directly quote the exact words spoken by someone, whereas in indirect speech, we report what was said without using the speaker's exact words.

When it comes to compliments, reported speech allows us to convey positive feedback or praise given by someone else. For example, if someone says, "You did a great job on the project," in direct speech, the reported speech version would be, "They said I did a great job on the project." Here, the speaker is reporting the compliment received from someone else.

Similarly, when it comes to criticisms, reported speech enables us to communicate negative feedback or disapproval expressed by someone else. For instance, if someone says, "She is always late for meetings," in direct speech, the reported speech version would be, "They said she is always late for meetings." In this case, the speaker is reporting the criticism made by someone else.

It is important to note that when reporting compliments and criticisms, certain changes may occur in the reported speech. These changes include:

1. Pronouns: The pronouns may change depending on the subject of the reported speech. For example, "You did a great job" would become "They said I did a great job."

2. Verb tense: The verb tense may also change when reporting compliments and criticisms. For example, "He said, 'You are talented'" would become "He said I was talented."

3. Adverbs and adjectives: Adverbs and adjectives may also be modified when reporting compliments and criticisms. For example, "She said, 'You are incredibly smart'" would become "She said I was very smart."

4. Reporting verbs: Different reporting verbs can be used to convey compliments and criticisms. For compliments, verbs like "praise," "compliment," or "admire" can be used. For criticisms, verbs like "criticize," "condemn," or "disapprove" can be used.

In summary, reported compliments and criticisms involve reporting someone else's positive or negative remarks or opinions. It allows us to convey praise or disapproval without using the exact words spoken by the original speaker. Changes in pronouns, verb tense, adverbs, and adjectives may occur when reporting compliments and criticisms.