Explore Medium Answer Questions to deepen your understanding of clauses and phrases.
A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate and functions as a complete sentence or as a part of a sentence. It can express a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. There are two main types of clauses: independent clauses and dependent clauses. Independent clauses can stand alone as complete sentences, while dependent clauses rely on an independent clause to form a complete thought.
There are three main types of clauses: independent clauses, dependent clauses, and relative clauses.
1. Independent clauses: These clauses can stand alone as complete sentences because they express a complete thought. They have a subject and a predicate and do not rely on any other clause to make sense. For example, "She went to the store."
2. Dependent clauses: Also known as subordinate clauses, these clauses cannot stand alone as complete sentences because they do not express a complete thought. They rely on an independent clause to make sense. Dependent clauses often begin with subordinating conjunctions such as "because," "although," "if," or "when." For example, "Because it was raining, she stayed indoors."
3. Relative clauses: These clauses provide additional information about a noun or pronoun in the main clause. They are introduced by relative pronouns such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that." For example, "The book that I borrowed from the library was very interesting."
It is important to note that clauses can also be categorized based on their function within a sentence, such as noun clauses, adjective clauses, and adverb clauses.
A phrase is a group of words that functions as a single unit within a sentence, but does not contain both a subject and a verb. It can act as a noun, verb, adjective, adverb, or preposition in a sentence. Phrases can be classified into different types based on their structure and function, such as noun phrases, verb phrases, adjective phrases, adverb phrases, and prepositional phrases.
There are several different types of phrases in the English language. Some of the most common types include:
1. Noun Phrase: A noun phrase consists of a noun and any words that modify or describe it. For example, "the big red apple" is a noun phrase where "apple" is the noun and "the big red" are the words that describe it.
2. Verb Phrase: A verb phrase consists of a main verb and any auxiliary verbs or helping verbs that accompany it. For example, "is playing" is a verb phrase where "playing" is the main verb and "is" is the auxiliary verb.
3. Adjective Phrase: An adjective phrase consists of an adjective and any words that modify or describe it. For example, "very tall" is an adjective phrase where "tall" is the adjective and "very" is the word that describes it.
4. Adverb Phrase: An adverb phrase consists of an adverb and any words that modify or describe it. For example, "quite slowly" is an adverb phrase where "slowly" is the adverb and "quite" is the word that describes it.
5. Prepositional Phrase: A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition, its object, and any words that modify or describe the object. For example, "on the table" is a prepositional phrase where "on" is the preposition, "table" is the object, and "the" is the word that describes the object.
6. Gerund Phrase: A gerund phrase consists of a gerund (a verb form ending in -ing that functions as a noun) and any words that modify or describe it. For example, "Swimming in the pool" is a gerund phrase where "swimming" is the gerund and "in the pool" is the words that describe it.
7. Infinitive Phrase: An infinitive phrase consists of an infinitive (the base form of a verb preceded by "to") and any words that modify or describe it. For example, "to eat an apple" is an infinitive phrase where "to eat" is the infinitive and "an apple" is the words that describe it.
These are just a few examples of the different types of phrases that exist in the English language. Each type serves a different grammatical function and can be used to add variety and complexity to sentences.
A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate and can function as a complete sentence or as part of a sentence. It expresses a complete thought and can stand alone.
On the other hand, a phrase is a group of words that does not contain a subject and a predicate and does not express a complete thought. It functions as a single part of speech within a sentence and is dependent on the rest of the sentence for its meaning.
In summary, the main difference between a clause and a phrase is that a clause can stand alone as a complete sentence, while a phrase cannot. A clause contains a subject and a predicate, while a phrase does not.
An independent clause is a type of clause that can stand alone as a complete sentence. It contains a subject and a predicate and expresses a complete thought. It does not rely on any other clause to make sense.
A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. It relies on an independent clause to form a complete thought and provide meaning. Dependent clauses often begin with subordinating conjunctions such as "because," "although," "while," or "if." They function as adverbial, adjectival, or nominal clauses within a sentence.
A noun clause is a type of dependent clause that functions as a noun in a sentence. It can act as the subject, object, or complement of a verb, or as the object of a preposition. Noun clauses are introduced by words such as "that," "whether," "if," "who," "whom," "what," "where," "when," "why," and "how." They can also begin with a question word or a question word + "ever." Noun clauses can be used to provide information, ask questions, express desires or opinions, or report statements or thoughts.
An adjective clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adjective in a sentence. It provides additional information about a noun or pronoun in the main clause. Adjective clauses typically begin with relative pronouns (such as who, whom, whose, which, or that) or relative adverbs (such as when, where, or why). These clauses can modify or describe the noun or pronoun they are attached to, adding more detail or giving essential information.
An adverbial clause is a type of dependent clause that functions as an adverb in a sentence. It provides additional information about the verb, adjective, or adverb in the main clause. Adverbial clauses can indicate time, place, manner, condition, reason, purpose, or contrast. They are introduced by subordinating conjunctions such as "when," "where," "how," "if," "because," "so that," "although," etc. Adverbial clauses can be placed at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence, depending on the emphasis or flow of the sentence.
A relative clause is a type of subordinate clause that provides additional information about a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It begins with a relative pronoun (such as who, whom, whose, which, or that) or a relative adverb (such as when, where, or why) and functions as an adjective by modifying the noun or pronoun. Relative clauses can be essential (restrictive) or non-essential (non-restrictive) depending on whether they are necessary for the meaning of the sentence or just provide extra information.
A subordinate clause is a type of clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence because it does not express a complete thought. It is dependent on the main clause to make sense and provide additional information. Subordinate clauses are introduced by subordinating conjunctions such as "although," "because," "if," "when," and "while." They function as adverbial, adjectival, or nominal clauses within a sentence.
A coordinate clause is an independent clause that can stand alone as a complete sentence. It is called "coordinate" because it is equal in importance to other clauses within a sentence and is typically connected to other clauses using coordinating conjunctions such as "and," "but," "or," "nor," "for," "so," or "yet." Coordinate clauses can express complete thoughts and ideas on their own, and they contribute to the overall meaning and structure of a sentence.
A gerund phrase is a group of words that includes a gerund (a verb form ending in -ing that functions as a noun) and any modifiers or complements associated with it. It acts as a single unit and can function as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence. For example, "Running in the park" is a gerund phrase where "running" is the gerund and "in the park" is the modifier.
An infinitive phrase is a group of words that includes an infinitive verb (to + base form of a verb) and any accompanying modifiers or objects. It functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb in a sentence. For example, "to swim in the ocean" is an infinitive phrase that functions as a noun in the sentence "I love to swim in the ocean."
A participial phrase is a group of words that includes a participle (a verb form that functions as an adjective) and any accompanying modifiers or complements. It acts as an adjective in a sentence and provides additional information about a noun or pronoun. Participial phrases often begin with a present participle (-ing form) or a past participle (-ed, -en, -d, -t, -n form) and can be used to describe the subject, object, or any other noun or pronoun in a sentence.
A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun, which is called the object of the preposition. The prepositional phrase functions as an adjective or adverb in a sentence, providing additional information about a noun or verb. It can indicate location, time, manner, or other relationships between words in a sentence.
An appositive phrase is a noun phrase that provides additional information or clarification about a preceding noun or pronoun. It is usually set off by commas and can be placed before or after the noun it modifies. The appositive phrase adds descriptive details to the noun, helping to provide a clearer understanding of the subject.
An absolute phrase is a grammatical construction that consists of a noun or pronoun followed by a participle or participial phrase. It is used to provide additional information about the main clause in a sentence and is not directly connected to the main subject or verb. The absolute phrase is typically set off by commas and can modify the entire sentence or a specific noun within the sentence.
A noun phrase is a group of words that functions as a noun in a sentence. It consists of a noun or pronoun, along with any modifiers or determiners that may be present. Noun phrases can be simple, such as "the cat" or "a book," or they can be more complex, including additional words or phrases that provide further description or clarification. Noun phrases can act as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence, and they play a crucial role in conveying meaning and providing context.
An adjective phrase is a group of words that functions as an adjective in a sentence. It consists of an adjective and any modifiers or complements that provide additional information about the noun or pronoun it modifies. Adjective phrases can be used to describe the qualities, characteristics, or attributes of a noun or pronoun. They can be placed before or after the noun they modify and can be as short as a single word or as long as a full sentence.
An adverbial phrase is a group of words that functions as an adverb in a sentence. It provides additional information about the verb, adjective, or adverb in the sentence, answering questions such as how, when, where, why, or to what extent. Adverbial phrases can be made up of prepositional phrases, infinitive phrases, gerund phrases, or participial phrases. They modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs to provide more specific details or to indicate time, place, manner, reason, or condition.
A verb phrase is a group of words that includes a main verb and any auxiliary (helping) verbs or modifiers that accompany it. It functions as the predicate of a sentence and expresses an action, occurrence, or state of being. The verb phrase can be as simple as a single verb or can include multiple words, such as auxiliary verbs (e.g., "is," "has," "will") and adverbs (e.g., "quickly," "often"). It is an essential component of a sentence and helps convey the meaning and tense of the action or state being described.
A prepositional clause is a type of dependent clause that begins with a preposition and includes a subject and a verb. It functions as an adjective, adverb, or noun within a sentence. The prepositional clause provides additional information about the subject, verb, or object in the main clause.
A non-finite clause is a type of clause that does not have a subject and a finite verb. It is often used to provide additional information or to express actions or states that are not limited by time or subject. Non-finite clauses can be formed using infinitives, gerunds, or participles. They function as noun, adjective, or adverbial clauses within a sentence.
A reduced relative clause is a type of clause that has been shortened or simplified by omitting certain elements, such as the relative pronoun (e.g., who, which, that) and the verb "be." This reduction is possible when the omitted elements can be understood from the context of the sentence. Reduced relative clauses are commonly used to provide additional information about a noun or pronoun in a concise manner.
A non-restrictive clause, also known as a non-defining clause, is a type of clause that provides additional information about a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It is not essential to the meaning of the sentence and can be removed without changing the overall meaning. Non-restrictive clauses are usually set off by commas or parentheses and often contain descriptive or explanatory details.
A restrictive clause, also known as an essential clause, is a type of dependent clause that provides essential information to the sentence and cannot be removed without changing the meaning of the sentence. It restricts or narrows down the meaning of the noun it modifies. Restrictive clauses are not set off by commas and are necessary for the sentence to make sense.
A noun clause used as a subject is a type of clause that functions as the subject of a sentence. It acts as a single unit and takes the place of a noun in the sentence. Noun clauses used as subjects often begin with words such as "what," "who," "where," "when," "why," or "how." These clauses can introduce a question, a statement, or an idea. For example, in the sentence "What she said is true," the noun clause "What she said" acts as the subject of the sentence.
A noun clause used as an object is a type of clause that functions as the direct object of a verb or as the object of a preposition. It acts as a single unit and can be replaced by a pronoun such as "it" or "them." Noun clauses used as objects often begin with words like "that," "whether," "if," or "wh-" words (e.g., who, what, when, where, why, how). These clauses can answer questions like "What did he say?" or "Who does she believe?" and provide additional information or clarify the action of the verb.
A noun clause used as a complement is a type of clause that functions as the complement of a verb or a verb phrase. It serves to complete the meaning of the verb by acting as a noun within the sentence. Noun clauses used as complements can fulfill various roles, such as serving as the subject complement, object complement, or complement of a preposition. These clauses typically begin with words like "that," "whether," "if," or "wh-" words (e.g., who, what, when, where, why, how). They can also be introduced by phrases like "the fact that" or "the idea that." Overall, a noun clause used as a complement adds depth and specificity to the verb it complements, providing additional information or clarification.
A noun clause used as an appositive is a type of clause that functions as a noun and provides additional information about another noun in the sentence. It serves to rename or explain the noun it is apposing. Noun clauses used as appositives often begin with words such as "that," "whether," or "if." These clauses can function as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence. For example:
- The fact that she won the competition surprised everyone.
- My question is whether we should go on vacation this summer.
- His hope is that he will be accepted into the university.
In each of these examples, the noun clauses ("that she won the competition," "whether we should go on vacation this summer," and "that he will be accepted into the university") are used as appositives to provide additional information about the nouns they are apposing ("the fact," "my question," and "his hope").
A noun clause used as an adjective is a type of dependent clause that functions as an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun it modifies. Noun clauses used as adjectives often begin with words such as "that," "whether," "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "what." These clauses can answer questions such as "which one?" or "what kind?" and they add descriptive or identifying information to the noun or pronoun they modify.
A noun clause used as an adverb functions as an adverbial clause, modifying a verb, adjective, or adverb in a sentence. It provides information about time, place, manner, reason, purpose, condition, or concession. It can answer questions such as when, where, how, why, for what purpose, under what condition, or to what extent.
An adjective clause used as a subject is a dependent clause that functions as the subject of a sentence. It provides additional information about the subject of the main clause. Adjective clauses used as subjects typically begin with relative pronouns such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that." These clauses can modify nouns or pronouns and add descriptive details to the sentence.
An adjective clause used as an object is a dependent clause that functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun it modifies. Adjective clauses used as objects often begin with relative pronouns such as "that," "which," "who," or "whom." These clauses can also be introduced by relative adverbs such as "where," "when," or "why." The purpose of an adjective clause used as an object is to add descriptive details or provide more specific information about the noun or pronoun it refers to.
An adjective clause used as a complement is a type of clause that functions as a complement to a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun it complements, often describing or modifying it. This type of clause is introduced by relative pronouns such as "that," "which," "who," or "whom," or by relative adverbs such as "where," "when," or "why." The adjective clause adds more detail or specificity to the noun or pronoun it complements, helping to further define or identify it within the sentence.
An adjective clause used as an appositive is a type of clause that functions as an appositive, providing additional information about a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It serves to modify or describe the noun or pronoun in a more detailed manner. This type of clause is introduced by relative pronouns such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that."
For example, in the sentence "My sister, who is a doctor, will be visiting us," the adjective clause "who is a doctor" is used as an appositive. It provides additional information about the noun "sister" and further describes her profession.
An adjective clause used as an adjective is a dependent clause that functions as an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun it modifies. Adjective clauses typically begin with relative pronouns such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that," and they can also begin with relative adverbs such as "where," "when," or "why." These clauses add descriptive details to the sentence and help to provide a clearer understanding of the noun or pronoun being modified.
An adjective clause used as an adverb is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb within a sentence. It modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb and provides additional information about how, when, where, why, or to what extent an action or state occurs. Adjective clauses used as adverbs often begin with subordinating conjunctions such as "when," "where," "why," "how," "since," "although," "because," "if," or "unless." These clauses can be used to add descriptive details, provide reasons or conditions, or express contrast or concession within a sentence.
An adverbial clause used as a subject is a type of clause that functions as the subject of a sentence and provides information about the action or state described in the main clause. It typically begins with a subordinating conjunction such as "that," "whether," or "if."
For example, in the sentence "Whether she will attend the party is still uncertain," the adverbial clause "Whether she will attend the party" serves as the subject of the sentence. It introduces the topic of uncertainty regarding her attendance at the party.
An adverbial clause used as an object is a type of clause that functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It provides additional information about the action or verb in the main clause. Adverbial clauses used as objects often answer questions such as "what?" or "why?" in relation to the verb. These clauses can indicate time, place, manner, condition, purpose, or reason. They typically begin with subordinating conjunctions such as "that," "whether," "if," "when," "where," "why," or "how."
An adverbial clause used as a complement is a type of clause that functions as a complement to a verb, adjective, or adverb in a sentence. It provides additional information about the action, state, or manner expressed by the verb, adjective, or adverb. Adverbial clauses used as complements often answer questions such as "how," "when," "where," "why," or "to what extent." They can modify the meaning of the main clause and help to provide a more complete understanding of the sentence.
An adverbial clause used as an appositive is a type of clause that functions as an appositive, providing additional information about the action or event described in the main clause. It modifies a noun or pronoun in the main clause by adding more detail or explaining the circumstances surrounding the action. Adverbial clauses used as appositives often begin with subordinating conjunctions such as "when," "where," "while," "since," "although," or "because." These clauses can provide information about time, place, manner, condition, reason, or concession.
An adverbial clause used as an adjective is a type of clause that functions as an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun by answering questions such as "which one?" or "what kind?" These clauses typically begin with relative pronouns such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that." They can also begin with relative adverbs such as "where," "when," or "why." The adverbial clause used as an adjective adds descriptive details to the noun or pronoun it modifies, giving more specific information about it.
An adverbial clause used as an adverb is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb within a sentence. It modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb by providing information about time, place, manner, condition, purpose, or reason. Adverbial clauses typically begin with subordinating conjunctions such as "when," "where," "how," "if," "because," "since," "although," and "while." These clauses can answer questions such as "when?" "where?" "how?" "why?" or "under what condition?" and they add more detail or provide additional information to the main clause.
A relative clause used as a subject is a type of clause that functions as the subject of a sentence. It provides additional information about the subject and is introduced by a relative pronoun (such as who, whom, whose, which, or that) or a relative adverb (such as when, where, or why). This type of clause helps to add descriptive or defining information to the subject of the sentence. For example, in the sentence "The book that I borrowed from the library is due tomorrow," the relative clause "that I borrowed from the library" acts as the subject of the sentence, providing information about the book.
A relative clause used as an object is a type of clause that functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition within a sentence. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun it modifies. Relative clauses used as objects typically begin with relative pronouns such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that." These clauses can help to add descriptive details or provide essential information to the main clause of a sentence.
A relative clause used as a complement is a type of clause that functions as a complement to a noun or pronoun within a sentence. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun it is modifying. Relative clauses used as complements typically begin with relative pronouns such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that." These clauses can be essential (restrictive) or non-essential (non-restrictive) to the meaning of the sentence. Essential relative clauses are necessary for the sentence's meaning and are not set off by commas, while non-essential relative clauses provide extra information and are set off by commas.
A relative clause used as an appositive is a type of clause that provides additional information about a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It functions as an appositive, which means it renames or identifies the noun or pronoun it is modifying. This type of relative clause is introduced by a relative pronoun (such as who, whom, whose, which, or that) or a relative adverb (such as when, where, or why). It adds descriptive or explanatory details to the noun or pronoun it is modifying, providing further clarification or context.
A relative clause used as an adjective is a type of clause that functions as an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun it is modifying. Relative clauses are introduced by relative pronouns such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," or "that." These clauses can be essential (restrictive) or non-essential (non-restrictive) in nature. Essential relative clauses provide necessary information to identify the noun or pronoun being modified, while non-essential relative clauses provide additional, non-essential information.
A relative clause used as an adverb is a type of clause that functions as an adverb within a sentence. It provides additional information about the verb, adjective, or adverb in the main clause. This type of clause is introduced by a relative pronoun (such as who, whom, whose, which, or that) or a relative adverb (such as when, where, or why). The relative clause modifies the verb, adjective, or adverb in the main clause and adds more detail or context to the sentence.
A subordinate clause used as a subject is a type of clause that functions as the main subject of a sentence. It is dependent on the main clause and cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. Subordinate clauses used as subjects often begin with subordinating conjunctions such as "that," "whether," "if," or "because." These clauses introduce additional information or provide context to the main clause. For example, in the sentence "Whether she will attend the party is still uncertain," the subordinate clause "Whether she will attend the party" acts as the subject of the sentence.
A subordinate clause used as an object is a type of clause that functions as the direct object, indirect object, or object of a preposition in a sentence. It cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and relies on the main clause to provide meaning. Subordinate clauses used as objects often begin with subordinating conjunctions such as "that," "whether," "if," "when," "where," "why," or "how." These clauses add additional information or provide more detail about the action or verb in the main clause.
A subordinate clause used as a complement is a type of clause that functions as the complement of a main clause, providing additional information or completing the meaning of the main clause. It is introduced by a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun. This type of clause cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and relies on the main clause for its meaning. Subordinate clauses used as complements can serve various purposes, such as expressing time, cause and effect, condition, concession, or purpose.
A subordinate clause used as an appositive is a type of clause that provides additional information or clarification about a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It functions as an appositive, which means it renames or identifies the noun or pronoun in the main clause. This type of subordinate clause typically begins with words such as "that," "which," "who," or "whom." It adds descriptive or explanatory details to the main clause and helps to provide a more complete understanding of the noun or pronoun it modifies.
A subordinate clause used as an adjective is a dependent clause that functions as an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun it modifies. This type of clause typically begins with a relative pronoun (such as who, whom, whose, which, or that) or a relative adverb (such as when, where, or why). It adds descriptive or identifying details to the noun or pronoun it is modifying.
A subordinate clause used as an adverb is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb within a sentence. It modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb and provides additional information about time, place, manner, condition, purpose, or reason. It cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and is introduced by subordinating conjunctions such as "after," "although," "because," "if," "since," "until," etc.
A coordinate clause used as a subject is a type of clause that functions as the subject of a sentence. It is called "coordinate" because it is joined with another clause of equal importance using coordinating conjunctions such as "and," "but," or "or." This type of clause adds complexity and variety to sentence structures. For example, in the sentence "Swimming is fun, and playing soccer is also enjoyable," the coordinate clause "playing soccer is also enjoyable" serves as the subject of the sentence along with the main clause "Swimming is fun."
A coordinate clause used as an object is a type of clause that functions as the direct object of a verb or as the object of a preposition. It is called "coordinate" because it is equal in importance to the main clause and can stand alone as a separate sentence. In this case, it is used to provide additional information or to express a complete thought within the sentence.
A coordinate clause used as a complement is a type of clause that functions as a complement to a main clause. It provides additional information or clarification about the subject or object of the main clause. Coordinate clauses are independent clauses that can stand alone as separate sentences, but when used as complements, they are connected to the main clause through coordinating conjunctions such as "and," "but," or "or." This type of clause adds depth and complexity to the sentence by expanding on the main idea.
A coordinate clause used as an appositive is a type of clause that provides additional information or clarification about a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It functions as an appositive, which means it renames or identifies the noun or pronoun it is modifying. In this case, the coordinate clause is used to provide further details about the noun or pronoun in a parallel or equal manner. It adds more information to the sentence without changing its meaning.
A coordinate clause used as an adjective is a type of clause that functions as an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It provides additional information about the noun or pronoun it modifies. A coordinate clause used as an adjective typically begins with a relative pronoun (such as "who," "which," or "that") or a relative adverb (such as "where" or "when") and contains a subject and a verb. It can be used to provide descriptive or identifying information about the noun or pronoun it modifies.
A coordinate clause used as an adverb is a type of clause that functions as an adverb within a sentence. It provides additional information about the action or verb in the main clause. This type of clause is typically introduced by coordinating conjunctions such as "and," "but," "or," "nor," "for," "so," or "yet." It can indicate various relationships such as cause and effect, contrast, addition, or purpose. For example:
- She studied hard for the exam, so she was able to get a high score.
- He didn't have enough money, yet he still managed to buy the new phone.
- I want to go to the party, but I have to finish my assignment first.
In these examples, the coordinate clauses "so she was able to get a high score," "yet he still managed to buy the new phone," and "but I have to finish my assignment first" function as adverbs, providing additional information about the actions or verbs in the main clauses.