Explain the concept of gradable antonyms.

Gradable antonyms are pairs of words that represent opposite ends of a spectrum or scale. Unlike complementary antonyms, which are absolute opposites with no middle ground, gradable antonyms allow for degrees of comparison or variation between the two extremes.

For example, the words "hot" and "cold" are gradable antonyms. They represent opposite ends of the temperature spectrum, but there are also intermediate degrees of warmth or coolness that can be described using words like "warm" or "cool." Similarly, "big" and "small" are gradable antonyms, as there are various sizes that fall between these two extremes, such as "medium" or "average."

The concept of gradable antonyms is based on the idea that many qualities or attributes can be measured or compared on a scale, allowing for degrees of intensity or magnitude. These antonyms provide a more nuanced understanding of opposites, acknowledging that there can be varying levels or shades of difference between them.