How does gender contribute to income inequality?

Gender contributes to income inequality in several ways. Firstly, there is a persistent gender pay gap, where women tend to earn less than men for performing the same job or work of equal value. This can be attributed to various factors such as occupational segregation, where women are often concentrated in lower-paying industries or roles, as well as discrimination and biases in hiring, promotion, and salary negotiations.

Secondly, women are more likely to take on unpaid caregiving responsibilities, such as raising children or caring for elderly family members. This can result in career interruptions or reduced working hours, leading to lower earnings and limited opportunities for career advancement.

Additionally, gender-based discrimination and stereotypes can limit women's access to education, training, and employment opportunities, further exacerbating income inequality. Women may face barriers in accessing higher-paying professions or leadership positions, leading to a concentration of men in higher-income roles.

Overall, gender plays a significant role in income inequality by perpetuating disparities in wages, career opportunities, and access to resources, ultimately resulting in women earning less than men on average.