How does the Human Development Index (HDI) account for gender equality?

The Human Development Index (HDI) accounts for gender equality by including a gender development index (GDI) as one of its components. The GDI measures gender disparities in three key dimensions: health, education, and command over economic resources.

In terms of health, the GDI considers the differences in life expectancy between males and females. It examines the average number of years a person of a certain gender can expect to live, taking into account factors such as access to healthcare, nutrition, and overall well-being.

In terms of education, the GDI looks at the gender disparity in educational attainment. It considers indicators such as literacy rates and school enrollment rates for both males and females. By comparing the educational achievements of males and females, the GDI provides insights into gender inequalities in access to education.

Lastly, in terms of command over economic resources, the GDI examines the gender disparities in income and employment opportunities. It considers factors such as the gender wage gap, labor force participation rates, and representation in decision-making positions. By analyzing these indicators, the GDI provides an understanding of gender inequalities in economic empowerment.

By incorporating the GDI into the HDI, the index provides a more comprehensive assessment of human development by considering gender disparities. This allows policymakers and researchers to identify areas where gender inequalities exist and develop targeted interventions to promote gender equality and empower women.