Enhance Your Learning with Economics - Millennium Development Goals Flash Cards for quick learning
The study of how individuals, businesses, governments, and societies allocate scarce resources to satisfy their unlimited wants and needs.
A set of eight international development goals established by the United Nations in 2000, aimed at eradicating poverty, improving health and education, promoting gender equality, and ensuring environmental sustainability by 2015.
The state of being extremely poor, with insufficient income or resources to meet basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing.
The unequal distribution of resources, opportunities, and wealth among individuals or groups within a society.
The process of acquiring knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes through teaching, training, or research.
The ability to read, write, and understand information.
The equal rights, opportunities, and treatment of individuals regardless of their gender.
The number of deaths of children under the age of five per 1,000 live births in a given population.
The health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.
A viral infection that attacks the immune system, leading to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
A mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by parasites of the Plasmodium genus, resulting in symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and headache.
The responsible use of natural resources to meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
A commitment by governments, international organizations, and other stakeholders to work together to achieve the Millennium Development Goals through cooperation, aid, and policy coordination.
The total value of all goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time, usually a year.
The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, eroding purchasing power.
The state of being without a job, actively seeking employment, and available to work.
The exchange of goods and services between individuals, businesses, or countries.
The investment of funds by a company or individual from one country into a business or project in another country, with the aim of establishing a lasting interest or controlling stake.
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
A composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income indices used to rank countries into four tiers of human development: very high, high, medium, and low.
Financial or technical assistance provided by one country to another, typically with the aim of promoting economic development or addressing humanitarian needs.
The partial or total forgiveness of debt owed by developing countries to international financial institutions or other creditors, often with conditions attached.
The provision of financial services, such as small loans and savings accounts, to individuals and small businesses who lack access to traditional banking services.
Dishonest or unethical conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery, embezzlement, or abuse of public office for personal gain.
The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise, such as transportation, communication, and power systems.
A set of 17 global goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015, aimed at ending poverty, protecting the planet, and ensuring prosperity for all by 2030.
An increase in the production and consumption of goods and services in an economy over a specific period of time.
The exchange of goods and services between countries through imports and exports.
The process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among countries through the exchange of goods, services, information, and ideas.
The unequal distribution of income among individuals or households within a country or across countries.
The sustained, concerted actions of policymakers and communities that promote the standard of living and economic health of a specific area.
The knowledge, skills, and abilities of individuals that contribute to their productivity and potential for economic growth.
Economic growth that benefits all segments of society, particularly the poor and vulnerable.
The use of goods and services that meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
The total amount of money owed by a government through the issuance of bonds and other debt instruments.
The use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy, particularly in relation to inflation, unemployment, and economic growth.
The use of interest rates, money supply, and other tools by a central bank to control inflation, stabilize the currency, and promote economic growth.
The conversion of one currency into another for the purpose of facilitating international trade and investment.
A record of all economic transactions between the residents of a country and the rest of the world over a specific period of time, including imports, exports, and financial flows.
The removal or reduction of barriers to trade, such as tariffs, quotas, and other restrictions, to promote free and open markets.
The price of one currency in terms of another, determined by supply and demand in the foreign exchange market.
The process of eliminating trade barriers and integrating economic policies and institutions among countries, often through regional agreements or organizations.
Tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment, and host communities.
Money sent by individuals working abroad to their home countries, often to support their families or contribute to the local economy.
Agricultural practices that promote the long-term productivity of the land while minimizing environmental impact, ensuring food security, and supporting rural development.
The process of starting, managing, and growing a business or organization, often involving innovation and risk-taking.
The process of creating and implementing new ideas, products, or services that result in improved efficiency, effectiveness, or value.
The process of sharing or transferring knowledge, skills, or technology from one individual, organization, or country to another, often to promote economic development or address global challenges.
The construction and improvement of physical structures and facilities, such as roads, bridges, ports, and utilities, to support economic activities and enhance quality of life.
Energy sources and technologies that meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, while minimizing environmental impact.
The availability and usage of affordable financial services, such as banking, credit, and insurance, by individuals and businesses, particularly those in underserved or marginalized communities.
The commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable economic development by working with employees, communities, and other stakeholders to address social and environmental challenges.
Cities that are designed, developed, and managed to support sustainable economic growth, social development, and environmental protection.
Long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other aspects of the Earth's climate system, primarily caused by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.
Energy derived from sources that are naturally replenished, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat.
An economy that aims to improve human well-being and social equity while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities.