Explain the Proxy design pattern.

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Explain the Proxy design pattern.

The Proxy design pattern is a structural design pattern that provides a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access to it. It involves creating a class that acts as an intermediary between the client and the real object, allowing the proxy to control access to the real object and perform additional tasks before or after accessing it.

The Proxy pattern is useful in scenarios where we want to add an extra layer of functionality to an object without modifying its code. It can be used to implement lazy loading, caching, access control, logging, or any other cross-cutting concerns.

In the Proxy pattern, the client interacts with the proxy object instead of the real object. The proxy object then forwards the request to the real object, performing any necessary pre or post-processing. This allows the proxy to control access to the real object and add additional behavior if needed.

Overall, the Proxy design pattern provides a way to control access to an object and add extra functionality without modifying the original object's code.