Describe the Iterator design pattern.

Describe the Iterator design pattern.

The Iterator design pattern is a behavioral design pattern that provides a way to access the elements of an aggregate object sequentially without exposing its underlying representation. It allows clients to traverse through the elements of a collection in a consistent manner, regardless of the specific implementation of the collection. The Iterator pattern consists of three main components: the Iterator interface, the ConcreteIterator class, and the Aggregate interface. The Iterator interface defines the methods for traversing the collection, such as retrieving the next element or checking if there are more elements. The ConcreteIterator class implements the Iterator interface and maintains the current position within the collection. The Aggregate interface defines the method for creating an iterator object, which allows clients to access the collection's elements. By using the Iterator pattern, clients can iterate over a collection without knowing its internal structure, promoting encapsulation and flexibility in the design.