What is the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA)?

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What is the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA)?

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a quantum algorithm designed to solve optimization problems. It is a hybrid algorithm that combines classical and quantum computing techniques. QAOA uses a parameterized quantum circuit to prepare a quantum state that encodes a potential solution to the optimization problem. By adjusting the parameters of the circuit, the algorithm explores different potential solutions and aims to find the one that minimizes the objective function of the optimization problem. QAOA has been shown to be effective in solving a wide range of optimization problems, including graph coloring, maximum cut, and traveling salesman problems.