Osi Model Questions Medium
The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into seven different layers. Each layer has a specific role in the process of data transmission.
The process of data transmission through the OSI Model starts at the application layer, which is responsible for providing services to the end-user. The application layer interacts with the user and prepares the data for transmission.
Next, the data is passed to the presentation layer, which is responsible for data formatting, encryption, and compression. It ensures that the data is in a format that can be understood by the receiving system.
The data then moves to the session layer, which establishes, manages, and terminates connections between applications. It handles session synchronization and ensures that data is transmitted in the correct order.
After the session layer, the data is passed to the transport layer. This layer is responsible for end-to-end error recovery and flow control. It breaks the data into smaller segments and adds sequence numbers to ensure reliable delivery.
The network layer comes next, where the data is encapsulated into packets. This layer determines the best path for data transmission and handles logical addressing and routing.
Once the data reaches the data link layer, it is divided into frames and transmitted over the physical medium. This layer is responsible for error detection and correction, as well as media access control.
Finally, the physical layer transmits the data as a stream of bits over the physical medium, such as copper wires or fiber optic cables. It handles the electrical, mechanical, and functional aspects of the transmission.
At the receiving end, the process is reversed. The physical layer receives the bits and passes them to the data link layer, which reassembles the frames. The network layer then routes the packets to the correct destination. The transport layer reassembles the segments and ensures error-free delivery. The session layer manages the connection, and the presentation layer formats the data for the application layer. Finally, the application layer presents the data to the user.
In summary, the process of data transmission through the OSI Model involves passing the data through each layer, where it is encapsulated, formatted, and transmitted over the physical medium. At the receiving end, the data is processed in reverse order until it reaches the application layer.