Osi Model Questions Medium
The process of data encapsulation in the OSI Model involves the division of data into smaller units and the addition of headers and trailers at each layer of the model.
Data encapsulation starts at the Application layer, where the data from the user application is divided into smaller chunks called segments. These segments are then passed to the Transport layer, where headers are added to identify the source and destination ports, as well as to provide error checking and flow control information. The resulting data is now called a datagram.
The datagram is then passed to the Network layer, where another header is added to specify the source and destination IP addresses. This layer is responsible for routing the datagram across different networks. The resulting data is now called a packet.
Next, the packet is passed to the Data Link layer, where another header and trailer are added. The header contains the source and destination MAC addresses, while the trailer provides error detection. The resulting data is now called a frame.
Finally, the frame is passed to the Physical layer, where it is converted into a series of bits and transmitted over the physical medium.
At the receiving end, the process is reversed. The Physical layer receives the bits and converts them into a frame. The Data Link layer removes the header and trailer, and passes the packet to the Network layer. The Network layer removes its header and passes the segment to the Transport layer. The Transport layer removes its header and passes the data to the Application layer, where it is reconstructed into its original form.
Overall, data encapsulation in the OSI Model ensures that data is properly packaged and transmitted across different layers of the network, allowing for efficient and reliable communication.