What is process creation and how is it controlled?

Process creation refers to the creation of a new process by an existing process. It involves allocating resources, such as memory and CPU time, to the new process.

Process creation is controlled by the operating system through a series of steps. These steps typically include:

1. Request: The parent process requests the operating system to create a new process.
2. Allocation: The operating system allocates necessary resources, such as memory and CPU time, to the new process.
3. Initialization: The operating system initializes the new process, including setting up its initial state and assigning it a unique process identifier (PID).
4. Execution: The new process starts executing its instructions.
5. Parent-Child Relationship: The operating system establishes a parent-child relationship between the new process and the parent process.
6. Synchronization: The operating system may provide synchronization mechanisms, such as inter-process communication, to allow communication and coordination between processes.
7. Termination: The operating system monitors the execution of the process and handles its termination, reclaiming any allocated resources.

Overall, process creation is controlled by the operating system to ensure proper resource allocation, initialization, and coordination between processes.