Internet Protocols Questions Medium
In the TCP/IP model of computer networks, network protocols refer to a set of rules and procedures that govern the communication between devices connected to a network. These protocols ensure that data can be transmitted and received accurately and efficiently across the network.
The TCP/IP model consists of four layers: the Network Interface layer, Internet layer, Transport layer, and Application layer. Each layer has its own set of protocols that perform specific functions.
At the Network Interface layer, protocols such as Ethernet or Wi-Fi define how data is physically transmitted over the network medium, such as cables or wireless signals.
The Internet layer is responsible for addressing and routing data packets across different networks. The Internet Protocol (IP) is the primary protocol used at this layer, which assigns unique IP addresses to devices and determines the best path for data to travel from the source to the destination.
The Transport layer ensures reliable and orderly delivery of data between devices. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the most commonly used protocol at this layer, providing features like error detection, flow control, and congestion control. It breaks down data into smaller segments and reassembles them at the receiving end.
Finally, the Application layer protocols enable specific applications or services to communicate with each other. Examples include the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for web browsing, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) for email, and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) for file sharing.
Overall, network protocols in the TCP/IP model ensure that data is properly transmitted, routed, and received across computer networks, allowing devices to communicate effectively and reliably.