What is the Maximum Number of Swaps problem and how can it be solved using a greedy algorithm?

What is the Maximum Number of Swaps problem and how can it be solved using a greedy algorithm?

The Maximum Number of Swaps problem is a problem where we are given an array of integers and we need to find the maximum number of swaps required to sort the array in non-decreasing order.

To solve this problem using a greedy algorithm, we can follow these steps:

1. Initialize a variable, let's say "swaps", to keep track of the number of swaps.
2. Iterate through the array from left to right.
3. For each element, compare it with the next element.
4. If the next element is smaller than the current element, swap them and increment the "swaps" variable.
5. Continue this process until the array is sorted in non-decreasing order.
6. Return the value of "swaps" as the maximum number of swaps required.

By following this greedy approach, we always swap adjacent elements if it helps in sorting the array. This ensures that we make the optimal choice at each step, leading to the maximum number of swaps required to sort the array.