Explain the concept of overlapping subproblems in Dynamic Programming.

Explain the concept of overlapping subproblems in Dynamic Programming.

In Dynamic Programming, overlapping subproblems refer to the situation where the same subproblems are solved multiple times in a recursive algorithm. This repetition of solving the same subproblems can be inefficient and time-consuming.

To overcome this issue, Dynamic Programming stores the solutions to these subproblems in a table or an array, so that they can be directly accessed when needed. By avoiding redundant calculations, Dynamic Programming significantly improves the efficiency of solving complex problems. This technique is particularly useful when the problem can be divided into smaller overlapping subproblems, and the solution to the larger problem can be constructed using the solutions to these smaller subproblems.