What is data concurrency and independence in a distributed database?

What is data concurrency and independence in a distributed database?

Data concurrency refers to the ability of multiple users or processes to access and modify the same data simultaneously in a distributed database system. It ensures that concurrent transactions can be executed without interfering with each other, maintaining data consistency and integrity.

Data independence, on the other hand, refers to the ability to modify the schema or structure of a database without affecting the applications or programs that use it. In a distributed database, data independence allows for changes in the distribution or location of data without impacting the way it is accessed or manipulated by users or applications. This ensures flexibility and scalability in the distributed database system.