Explain the concept of equivalence partitioning.

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Explain the concept of equivalence partitioning.

Equivalence partitioning is a software testing technique that involves dividing the input data into groups or partitions, where each partition is expected to exhibit similar behavior. The purpose of equivalence partitioning is to reduce the number of test cases required for testing by selecting representative values from each partition. This technique assumes that if a test case within a partition is valid or invalid, then all other test cases within the same partition will exhibit the same behavior. By focusing on a representative set of test cases, equivalence partitioning helps in achieving maximum test coverage with minimal effort and time.