Cryptography: Questions And Answers

Explore Questions and Answers to deepen your understanding of cryptography.

80 Short 60 Medium 51 Long Answer Questions Question Index

Short Answer Questions

Question 1. What is cryptography?

Question 2. What are the two main types of cryptography?

Question 3. Explain the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption.

Question 4. What is a key in cryptography?

Question 5. What is encryption?

Question 6. What is decryption?

Question 7. What is a cipher?

Question 8. What is a plaintext?

Question 9. What is a ciphertext?

Question 10. What is a substitution cipher?

Question 11. What is a transposition cipher?

Question 12. What is a Caesar cipher?

Question 13. What is a Vigenere cipher?

Question 14. What is a one-time pad?

Question 15. What is a block cipher?

Question 16. What is a stream cipher?

Question 17. What is a key length?

Question 18. What is a key space?

Question 19. What is a key exchange?

Question 20. What is a digital signature?

Question 21. What is a hash function?

Question 22. What is a message authentication code (MAC)?

Question 23. What is a nonce?

Question 24. What is a public key infrastructure (PKI)?

Question 25. What is a certificate authority (CA)?

Question 26. What is a digital certificate?

Question 27. What is a private key?

Question 28. What is a public key?

Question 29. What is a key pair?

Question 30. What is a cryptographic hash function?

Question 31. What is a collision in a hash function?

Question 32. What is a rainbow table?

Question 33. What is a brute force attack?

Question 34. What is a dictionary attack?

Question 35. What is a chosen plaintext attack?

Question 36. What is a chosen ciphertext attack?

Question 37. What is a known plaintext attack?

Question 38. What is a known ciphertext attack?

Question 39. What is a birthday attack?

Question 40. What is a man-in-the-middle attack?

Question 41. What is a side-channel attack?

Question 42. What is a timing attack?

Question 43. What is a key management protocol?

Question 44. What is a key distribution protocol?

Question 45. What is a key agreement protocol?

Question 46. What is a key establishment protocol?

Question 47. What is a key recovery protocol?

Question 48. What is a key escrow protocol?

Question 49. What is a key revocation protocol?

Question 50. What is a key update protocol?

Question 51. What is a key synchronization protocol?

Question 52. What is a key confirmation protocol?

Question 53. What is a key destruction protocol?

Question 54. What is a key compromise protocol?

Question 55. What is a key negotiation protocol?

Question 56. What is a key derivation protocol?

Question 57. What is a key authentication protocol?

Question 58. What is a key agreement key?

Question 59. What is a key transport key?

Question 60. What is a session key?

Question 61. What is a master key?

Question 62. What is a session key establishment protocol?

Question 63. What is a session key distribution protocol?

Question 64. What is a session key agreement protocol?

Question 65. What is a session key recovery protocol?

Question 66. What is a session key escrow protocol?

Question 67. What is a session key revocation protocol?

Question 68. What is a session key update protocol?

Question 69. What is a session key synchronization protocol?

Question 70. What is a session key confirmation protocol?

Question 71. What is a session key destruction protocol?

Question 72. What is a session key compromise protocol?

Question 73. What is a session key negotiation protocol?

Question 74. What is a session key derivation protocol?

Question 75. What is a session key authentication protocol?

Question 76. What is a session key agreement key?

Question 77. What is a session key transport key?

Question 78. What is a session key lifetime?

Question 79. What is a session key usage?

Question 80. What is a session key destruction?

Medium Answer Questions

Question 1. What is cryptography?

Question 2. What are the main goals of cryptography?

Question 3. What is the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

Question 4. Explain the concept of a cryptographic key.

Question 5. What is a cryptographic algorithm?

Question 6. What is the difference between a block cipher and a stream cipher?

Question 7. What is the role of a cryptographic hash function?

Question 8. What is a digital signature?

Question 9. What is a public key infrastructure (PKI)?

Question 10. What is the Diffie-Hellman key exchange?

Question 11. Explain the concept of a one-time pad.

Question 12. What is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)?

Question 13. What is the RSA algorithm?

Question 14. What is the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)?

Question 15. What is the Data Encryption Standard (DES)?

Question 16. What is the International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA)?

Question 17. What is the Rivest Cipher (RC4)?

Question 18. What is the Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)?

Question 19. What is the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA)?

Question 20. What is the Message Digest Algorithm (MD5)?

Question 21. What is the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)?

Question 22. What is the Transport Layer Security (TLS)?

Question 23. What is the Electronic Codebook (ECB) mode?

Question 24. What is the Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) mode?

Question 25. What is the Counter (CTR) mode?

Question 26. What is the Galois/Counter Mode (GCM)?

Question 27. What is the Output Feedback (OFB) mode?

Question 28. What is the Cipher Feedback (CFB) mode?

Question 29. What is the Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (PCBC) mode?

Question 30. What is the Electronic Codebook with Cipher Block Chaining (ECB-CBC) mode?

Question 31. What is the Electronic Codebook with Output Feedback (ECB-OFB) mode?

Question 32. What is the Electronic Codebook with Cipher Feedback (ECB-CFB) mode?

Question 33. What is the Electronic Codebook with Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (ECB-PCBC) mode?

Question 34. What is the Cipher Block Chaining with Output Feedback (CBC-OFB) mode?

Question 35. What is the Cipher Block Chaining with Cipher Feedback (CBC-CFB) mode?

Question 36. What is the Cipher Block Chaining with Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (CBC-PCBC) mode?

Question 37. What is the Output Feedback with Cipher Feedback (OFB-CFB) mode?

Question 38. What is the Output Feedback with Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (OFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 39. What is the Cipher Feedback with Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 40. What is the Electronic Codebook with Cipher Block Chaining and Output Feedback (ECB-CBC-OFB) mode?

Question 41. What is the Electronic Codebook with Cipher Block Chaining and Cipher Feedback (ECB-CBC-CFB) mode?

Question 42. What is the Electronic Codebook with Cipher Block Chaining and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (ECB-CBC-PCBC) mode?

Question 43. What is the Cipher Block Chaining with Output Feedback and Cipher Feedback (CBC-OFB-CFB) mode?

Question 44. What is the Cipher Block Chaining with Output Feedback and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (CBC-OFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 45. What is the Cipher Block Chaining with Cipher Feedback and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (CBC-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 46. What is the Output Feedback with Cipher Feedback and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 47. What is the Electronic Codebook with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, and Cipher Feedback (ECB-CBC-OFB-CFB) mode?

Question 48. What is the Electronic Codebook with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (ECB-CBC-OFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 49. What is the Electronic Codebook with Cipher Block Chaining, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (ECB-CBC-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 50. What is the Cipher Block Chaining with Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 51. What is the Electronic Codebook with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (ECB-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 52. What is the Data Encryption Standard with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (DES-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 53. What is the Advanced Encryption Standard with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (AES-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 54. What is the Rivest Cipher with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (RC4-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 55. What is the Pretty Good Privacy with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (PGP-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 56. What is the Secure Hash Algorithm with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (SHA-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 57. What is the Message Digest Algorithm with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (MD5-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 58. What is the Secure Sockets Layer with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (SSL-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 59. What is the Transport Layer Security with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (TLS-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Question 60. What is the Galois/Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining, Output Feedback, Cipher Feedback, and Propagating Cipher Block Chaining (GCM-CBC-OFB-CFB-PCBC) mode?

Long Answer Questions

Question 1. What is cryptography and why is it important in today's digital world?

Question 2. Explain the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms.

Question 3. What is a cryptographic key and how is it used in encryption and decryption?

Question 4. Describe the process of encryption and decryption using the Caesar cipher.

Question 5. What is a substitution cipher and how does it work?

Question 6. Explain the concept of a transposition cipher and provide an example.

Question 7. What is the difference between a block cipher and a stream cipher?

Question 8. Describe the working principle of the Data Encryption Standard (DES).

Question 9. What are the main weaknesses of the Data Encryption Standard (DES)?

Question 10. Explain the concept of a Feistel cipher and provide an example.

Question 11. What is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and why is it considered secure?

Question 12. Describe the working principle of the RSA encryption algorithm.

Question 13. What is the Diffie-Hellman key exchange and how does it work?

Question 14. Explain the concept of a digital signature and its importance in cryptography.

Question 15. What is a hash function and how is it used in cryptography?

Question 16. Describe the working principle of the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA).

Question 17. What is a message authentication code (MAC) and how does it provide data integrity?

Question 18. Explain the concept of a public key infrastructure (PKI) and its role in cryptography.

Question 19. What is the role of a certificate authority (CA) in a public key infrastructure?

Question 20. Describe the process of digital certificate issuance and validation.

Question 21. What is the difference between a digital certificate and a digital signature?

Question 22. Explain the concept of a key exchange protocol and provide an example.

Question 23. What is the role of a key management system in cryptography?

Question 24. Describe the process of key generation and distribution in a cryptographic system.

Question 25. What is the concept of perfect forward secrecy and why is it important?

Question 26. Explain the concept of a one-time pad and its use in secure communication.

Question 27. What is the concept of steganography and how is it used in cryptography?

Question 28. Describe the working principle of the Diffusion and Confusion concept in cryptography.

Question 29. What is the concept of a side-channel attack and how does it pose a threat to cryptographic systems?

Question 30. Explain the concept of a chosen-plaintext attack and its implications in cryptography.

Question 31. What is the concept of a known-plaintext attack and how does it compromise the security of a cryptographic system?

Question 32. Describe the working principle of the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) algorithm.

Question 33. What is the concept of a digital envelope and how does it provide confidentiality in secure communication?

Question 34. Explain the concept of a key escrow and its role in cryptographic systems.

Question 35. What is the concept of a key stretching algorithm and how does it enhance password security?

Question 36. Describe the working principle of the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) algorithm.

Question 37. What is the concept of a zero-knowledge proof and how does it provide authentication without revealing sensitive information?

Question 38. Explain the concept of a digital timestamp and its role in ensuring data integrity.

Question 39. What is the concept of a non-repudiation and how does it prevent denial of involvement in a transaction?

Question 40. Describe the working principle of the Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) encryption software.

Question 41. What is the concept of a key revocation and how does it invalidate compromised cryptographic keys?

Question 42. Explain the concept of a quantum-resistant cryptography and its importance in the era of quantum computers.

Question 43. What is the concept of a side-channel countermeasure and how does it protect against side-channel attacks?

Question 44. Describe the working principle of the ChaCha20 encryption algorithm.

Question 45. What is the concept of a key exchange protocol and how does it establish a shared secret key between two parties?

Question 46. Explain the concept of a digital wallet and its role in secure cryptocurrency transactions.

Question 47. What is the concept of a homomorphic encryption and how does it enable computations on encrypted data?

Question 48. Describe the working principle of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol.

Question 49. What is the concept of a key derivation function and how does it enhance password-based key generation?

Question 50. Explain the concept of a chosen-ciphertext attack and its implications in cryptographic systems.

Question 51. What is the concept of a key exchange algorithm and how does it facilitate secure communication between two parties?