What is the role of matrices in computer graphics?

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What is the role of matrices in computer graphics?

Matrices play a crucial role in computer graphics as they are used to represent transformations such as translation, rotation, scaling, and shearing. By applying matrix operations, we can manipulate the position, orientation, and size of objects in a 3D space. Matrices also enable efficient calculations for lighting, shading, and projection transformations, allowing for realistic rendering of 3D scenes on a 2D screen. Additionally, matrices are used in various algorithms, such as those for 3D transformations, perspective projection, and rasterization, making them an essential tool in computer graphics.