What are the different types of image warping techniques used in computer graphics?

In computer graphics, image warping techniques are used to manipulate and transform images. There are several types of image warping techniques commonly used, including:

1. Affine Transformation: Affine transformation is a linear mapping technique that preserves parallel lines and ratios of distances. It includes translation, rotation, scaling, and shearing operations. Affine transformations are widely used for basic image transformations.

2. Projective Transformation: Projective transformation, also known as perspective transformation, is a non-linear mapping technique that allows for more complex transformations. It can distort the shape of an image, making it appear as if it is viewed from a different perspective. Projective transformations are commonly used in 3D rendering and virtual reality applications.

3. Mesh Warping: Mesh warping, also known as grid warping or lattice deformation, involves dividing an image into a grid or mesh of control points and then manipulating these points to deform the image. This technique is often used for morphing or animating images, as it allows for localized transformations.

4. Thin-Plate Spline (TPS): Thin-plate spline is a technique that uses a mathematical model to deform an image based on a set of control points. It is particularly useful for smoothly transforming images, as it minimizes the bending energy of the image. TPS is commonly used in facial recognition and image registration applications.

5. Radial Basis Function (RBF): Radial basis function is a technique that uses a radial basis function as a basis for interpolation. It involves defining a set of control points and assigning a weight to each point, which determines the influence it has on the deformation of the image. RBF is often used for image morphing and shape manipulation.

These are some of the commonly used image warping techniques in computer graphics. Each technique has its own advantages and applications, and the choice of technique depends on the specific requirements of the task at hand.