What is the Church-Turing thesis?

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What is the Church-Turing thesis?

The Church-Turing thesis is a hypothesis in computer science and mathematics that states that any function that can be effectively computed by an algorithm can be computed by a Turing machine. It suggests that the concept of computability is equivalent across all computational models, including physical computers and abstract machines. The thesis was proposed independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in the 1930s and has since become a fundamental principle in the field of computational theory.