Explain the concept of loop fusion in code optimisation.

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Explain the concept of loop fusion in code optimisation.

Loop fusion is a code optimization technique that involves combining multiple loops into a single loop. This is done to reduce the overhead of loop control and improve cache utilization. By merging loops, the number of loop iterations and loop control instructions can be reduced, resulting in improved performance.

Loop fusion is typically applied when there are multiple loops that iterate over the same data or have similar loop structures. By combining these loops, redundant computations and memory accesses can be eliminated, leading to more efficient code execution.

The benefits of loop fusion include reduced loop overhead, improved data locality, and reduced memory access latency. It can also enable better compiler optimizations, such as loop unrolling and vectorization, which can further enhance performance.

However, it is important to note that loop fusion may not always result in performance improvements. In some cases, merging loops can increase the complexity of the code and hinder other optimizations. Therefore, careful analysis and profiling of the code are necessary to determine if loop fusion is beneficial in a specific scenario.