Define the concept of a formal grammar.

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Define the concept of a formal grammar.

A formal grammar is a set of rules that define the structure and formation of a formal language. It consists of a set of symbols, known as terminals and non-terminals, and a set of production rules that specify how these symbols can be combined to form valid strings in the language. Formal grammars are used in automata theory to describe and analyze the syntax of programming languages, natural languages, and other formal systems.