What is a disjoint-set data structure?

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What is a disjoint-set data structure?

A disjoint-set data structure is a data structure that keeps track of a collection of disjoint (non-overlapping) sets. It allows efficient operations such as merging two sets, finding the representative element of a set, and determining whether two elements belong to the same set. The disjoint-set data structure is commonly used in various algorithms, such as Kruskal's algorithm for finding minimum spanning trees and Tarjan's algorithm for finding strongly connected components in a graph.